The Life Cycle of Copper, Its Co-Products and Byproducts by Robert U. Ayres (Eng

Description: The Life Cycle of Copper, Its Co-Products and Byproducts by Robert U. Ayres, Leslie W. Ayres, Ingrid Råde Achieving the goals and objectives of sustainable development requires better information about the consequences of proposed actions. Making better decisions requires identifying, obtaining, synthesizing and acting on larger and more diverse data sets, including information that has previously been overlooked in development decisions. FORMAT Hardcover LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Publisher Description Copper is one of the three most important metals in the world economy, and the only one of the three that is comparatively scarce in the earths crust. Known reserves in the early-21st century will only last a few decades at projected rates of consumption. While some substitution possibilities exist for some of its applications, copper is uniquely valuable as a conductor of electricity in a world that is rapidly electrifying. This fact makes the copper life cycle an appropriate subject for holistic analysis. This work, which includes a quantitative demand forecasting model, is based on a study commissioned by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) for the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) fills that need. Among the conclusions of the study are the following.The medium-term prospects for copper producers and copper consuming industries include (1) more intensive exploration into more remote regions, (2) utilization of lower grade ores resulting in more mine wastes and associated waste disposal problems, (3) more intensive mining efficient ore reduction processes, (4) dramatic price increases when the current glut works itself out, (5) significant changes in the patterns of consumption (increasingly electrical applications), (6) sharp increases in the need for recovering and recycling old scrap copper in the future, (7) a significant buildup of copper and by-products (especially arsenic) either in use or in the human environment. Similar implications can be drawn for two other scarce and toxic metals - lead and zinc - often found in geological association with copper. Author Biography Robert U. Ayres has been a professor of engineering and public policy at Carnegie-Mellon University and a Sandoz Professor of Economics and Technology Management at INSEAD, in France. He is currently an Institute Scholar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria and a professor of environmental science at Chalmers Institute of Technology, Goteborg University, and Kalmar University. Table of Contents 1. Introduction.- 2. Copper: Sources and Supply.- 3. Copper: Demand and Disposition.- 4: Lead, Zinc and Other Byproduct Metals.- 5. The Future of Recycling.- 6. Conclusions and Questions.- References.- Appendix A: The Exergy Concept.- A1. Definition and description of exergy calculations.- A2. Exergy as a tool for resource and waste accounting.- A3. Composition of mixtures, including fuels.- Appendix B: The Behavior of Copper, Lead and Zinc in Soil.- B1. Metals in soils.- B2. Aqueous phase speciation.- B3. Solid phase constituents and complex formation.- B4. Summary.- Appendix C: Global Copper Model.- C1. Introduction.- C2. A model of the global copper system.- C3. Calibration of the model.- C4. Copper consumption scenarios.- C5. Copper system scenarios.- Appendix D: Glossary. Long Description Achieving the goals and objectives of sustainable development requires better information about the consequences of proposed actions. Partial information accounts for many failed efforts in the past. The financial implications for the proponent of the projects have often been more thoroughly analyzed than the implications for other actors. The impacts on biological diversity, or on the social fabric of local communities, have often been ignored. Decisi- makers may also focus more on the short-term consequences instead of long- term impacts, creating negative unintended consequences. It is clear that better decision-making processes are needed. Making better decisions requires identifying, obtaining, synthesizing and acting on larger and more diverse data sets, including information that has previously been overlooked in development decisions. The good news is that better processes are being developed and are becoming available. If the goal is to reach decisions that are broadly understood and accepted, affected communities need to be consulted. Early public participation in defining problems is a prerequisite to effective decision-making. There is no universal formula or checklist of information applicable to every proposed project. The scope of information required should not be determined from the start by small cadres of experts. It is unlikely that any individual or small group processes all of the expertise to achieve the kind of profound int- disciplinary synthesis that is needed. Details ISBN1402015526 Author Ingrid Råde Series Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science Language English ISBN-10 1402015526 ISBN-13 9781402015526 Media Book Format Hardcover Series Number 13 Year 2003 Country of Publication United States Short Title LIFE CYCLE OF COPPER ITS CO-PR Residence FR Pages 265 Imprint Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Place of Publication New York, NY DOI 10.1023/b132980;10.1007/978-94-017-3379-3 AU Release Date 2003-09-30 NZ Release Date 2003-09-30 US Release Date 2003-09-30 UK Release Date 2003-09-30 Publisher Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Edition Description 2003 ed. Edition 2003rd Publication Date 2003-09-30 Alternative 9789048163960 DEWEY 333.8543 Illustrations XIV, 265 p. Audience Undergraduate We've got this At The Nile, if you're looking for it, we've got it. With fast shipping, low prices, friendly service and well over a million items - you're bound to find what you want, at a price you'll love! TheNile_Item_ID:130968302;

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