44 Rare Medieval Gospels on DVD - New Testament Bible Christian Manuscripts 96

Description: The Ancient & Medieval Gospels Collection Beautifully illuminated Gospel manuscripts, in PDF format on Computer disk 44 Rare Vintage Books on DVD N.B there is NO BOX included in the purchase you will receive a CD/DVD in a protective sleeve A both unique and beautiful collection of extremely rare medieval illuminated manuscripts.Included in this amazing collection are some of the world’s earliest and most prized gospel manuscripts: T'oros Roslin Gospels (1262), Trebizond Gospels (ca. 1150), Purple Gospel (ca. 800 - 825), Freising Gospel Book (ca. 860), Codex Beratinus Purpureus Phi (ca. 527 - 565), Reichenau Gospel (ca. 1000 - 1020), Dobreisho Gospel (ca. 1200 - 1225) and the Gospel of Passau (ca. 1170 - 1180) amongst others.Many beautifully illuminated, all incredibly valuable historic documents, these manuscripts are now normally only available in secure libraries throughout the world. This is a rare opportunity to be able to view these documents anytime, anywhere and at your leisure On The DiskThis unique disk is an opportunity to own these rare and collectible vintage books before they disappear forever. Some of the books are already unavailable and but for being scanned into digital format would never be seen again.Each page has been scanned in as a faithful reproduction of the original. This is a chance to be able to see books that would otherwise be lost to future generations.The disk contains books and manuscripts relating to the Christian Gospels. Each book is individually named on the disk and thus is easily searchable by title, and each book is individually searchable itself.Be Aware - that other sellers may pad out their collection of books with foreign language titles or books that are not relevant to the topic. Compare items and you will see the quality and effort that goes into our disks. Other sellers also put security lock on the books which requires a password (which they won't give you) so it is restricted as to what you can do with the books - all our books are completely unrestricted. In addition all our books are fully named exactly as you see in the list below making them easy to find and easily searchable - other sellers may simply supply you a disk with books named randomly making it virtually impossible to find the book you want.IMPORTANT: These books come supplied on a DVD - note that this is not a DVD that will play on a home DVD player, it contains no video whatsoever. It is a Data DVD and must be used on a Computer to view the PDF book files ~ Books - List of Contents of the Disk ~44 On The DiskArmenian Gospel Book (1278)Banitsa Gospel (ca. 1275-1299)Bishop Augustine, 'The Harmony of the Gospels' (ca. 700-799)Book of the Holy Gospel of Our Lord and God Jesus Christ (1555)Codex Aureus Anthimi (867-899)Codex Beratinus Purpureus Phi (ca. 527 - 565)Corvey Gospel Fragment (ca. 900 - 999)Dobreisho Gospel (ca. 1200 - 1225)Epistles of Paul with Commentary (ca. 1130)Epistles, Gospels, and Popular Readings in the Tuscan Language (1495)Ethiopian Gospels (ca. 1300 - 1350)Ethiopian Gospels (ca. 1500 - 1550)Four Gospels - The Evangeliary of Uta (Codex of Uta) (ca. 1000 - 1025)Fragment of Moralia in Job, Part Six (ca. 600 - 748)Freising Gospel Book (ca. 860)Gospel (1100)Gospel (1170 - 1180)Gospel (ca. 1035 - 1040)Gospel (ca. 1165)Gospel Book (ca. 1050 - 1099)Gospel Book (ca. 1060 - 1099)Gospel Book (ca. 1321)Gospel Book from the Bamberg Cathedral (Reichenau Gospel) (ca. 1000 - 1020)Gospel Book of Otfrid von Weissenburg (ca. 902 - 905)Gospel Concordance (ca. 1635)Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1000 - 1033)Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1020)Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1130)Gospel of Lorsch (Evangeliary of Udalrich) (ca. 1100 - 1199)Gospel of Passau (ca. 1170 - 1180)Gospels - 10th Century Armenian CodexGospels for the Year (ca. 1100 -1199)Gospels of Luke and John (ca. 875 - 925)Ingolstadt Gospel Book (Fragment) (ca. 850)Kyiv Gospel (1411)Purple Gospel (ca. 800 - 825)Reichenau Gospels (ca. 1050)The Canons of the Gospels (ca. 1000 - 1078)The Holy Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ (1590)The Lectionary (Orsha Gospel) (ca. 1250 - 1299)The Oldest Book of Gospels in Hungarian, or The Codex of Munuch (ca. 1466)T'oros Roslin Gospels (1262)Trebizond Gospels (ca. 1150)Verin Noravank Gospels (1487) Detailed Information Fragment of Moralia in Job, Part Six (ca. 600 - 748)This eighth century manuscript is a prominent example of the Anglo-Saxon heritage of Bavaria and, more specifically, of Munich. It is an incomplete copy of Pope Gregory the Great’s allegorical exegesis of the Book of Job, part six. The manuscript of nearly 300 pages was written almost entirely by the Anglo-Saxon scribe Peregrinus (“Foreigner”), who tells us in an explanatory colophon (folio 146 verso) both his name and the fact that he worked in the scriptorium at Freising (Bavaria) under Bishop Arbeo, the founder of the cathedral library and bishop of Freising from 764 to 783. Other scribes from Freising contributed passages in early Carolingian minuscule only on a few pages Author : Gregory I, Pope, circa 540-604 Scribe : Peregrinus Date Created : Around 600 - 748 Subject Date Around 600 - 748 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bishop Augustine, “The Harmony of the Gospels" (ca. 700-799)The manuscript presented here contains the text of De concordia evangelistarum (The harmony of the Gospels), a Latin treatise by Saint Augustine of Hippo (354–430) composed in the year 400. The manuscript was created in France in the eighth century and is written in a half-uncial script. The Gospels, written by the four evangelists, provide slightly different accounts of the life of Christ, with some events recorded in only one Gospel and others in more than one. Early Christian writers composed works that aimed to harmonize the different accounts and show there were no contradictions between them. Augustine took for granted that the order in which the Gospels appeared in the New Testament was the order in which they were composed, and that the writers of each of the Gospels had knowledge of the ones already written. Author : Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo, 354–430 Date Created : Around 700 - 799 Subject Date : Around 700 - 799 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Armenian Gospel Book (1278)Presented here is the oldest Armenian manuscript in the Bavarian State Library. It was written in 1278 by Archbishop Johannes, the brother of King Lewon III (also seen as Leon, 1270?89) and abbot of the monastery in Grner in the kingdom of Cilician Armenia (which existed from 1080 to 1375). An artist named Basilius made the illuminations, and the binder was Arrakhel Hnasandentz, as is stated in a note in the book. The manuscript follows the usual pattern of Armenian texts of the four Gospels: the letter of Eusebius to Carpianus, decked out with tailpieces, is followed by the Canon tables (here unfortunately without the usual artistic embellishments); then come the texts of the four Gospels, each introduced by a table of contents of the chapters and a prologue, a picture of the Evangelist covering the whole of the left-hand page, and a richly decorated first page of the Gospel covering the right-hand page. At the bottom of the pages are found details relating to individual canons of Eusebius, a method which served to facilitate the subdivision of the Gospels prior to the introduction of chapters and verses. Author : Johannes, Archbishop Binder : Hnasandentz, Arakel Contributor : Eusebius, of Caesarea, Bishop of Caesarea, approximately 260-approximately 340 Illuminator : Basilius Date Created : 1278 Subject Date : Around 280 - 340 Language : Armenian---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Codex Beratinus Purpureus Phi (ca. 527 - 565)Also known as Codex of Berat number 1 (Gregory-Aland no. 043), is a manuscript that was copied in the sixth century in an imperial scriptorium in Constantinople or somewhere on the shores of Asia Minor during the time of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian the Great (circa 483–565, reigned 527–65). It contains the gospels of Matthew and Mark in their original Greek Date Created : Around 527 - 565 Subject Date : Around 527 - 565 Language : Ancient Greek (to 1453)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Codex Aureus Anthimi (867-899)Codex Aureus Anthimi, or Codex of Berat number 2 (Gregory-Aland no. 1143), is a Byzantine manuscript from the ninth century containing the four gospels. It is written on purple parchment (the color has now been deteriorated into yellowish-green) in Greek minuscule letters, in golden ink, in one column, with 17 lines to the page. The manuscript has four gold miniatures of the four Evangelists, making it a unique surviving piece of its timeDate Created : Around 867 - 899 Subject Date : Around 867 - 899 Language : Ancient Greek (to 1453)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corvey Gospel Fragment (ca. 900 - 999) This manuscript consists of four folios from a Gospel book that was likely made at the monastery of Corvey in western Germany during the mid-to-late tenth century. Dating to the reign of Otto I, these pages are a magnificent example of early Ottonian manuscript illumination. The heavily ornamented pages, which introduce the Gospels of Luke and John, shine with gold and jewel-like colors against dyed purple grounds. Date Created : Around 900 - 999 Subject Date : Around 900 - 999 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dobreisho Gospel (ca. 1200 - 1225)This parchment manuscript, of which only a part has survived, is from the first quarter of the 13th century. The year 1221 was written on the manuscript at a significantly later date and may have been copied from an original colophon by a later owner. Known as the Dobreisho Gospel, the manuscript is an important witness to the history and early development of the Bulgarian language. Of particular interest is the rich illumination, including two full-page miniatures of the evangelists Luke and John Contributor : Strezo, of Markovo Scribe : Dobreisho, priest Date Created : Around 1200 - 1225 Subject Date : Around 1200 - 1225 Language : Church Slavic---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Epistles of Paul with Commentary (ca. 1130)This manuscript dating from the 12th century, written in Caroline minuscule in one hand throughout, contains the Epistles of Saint Paul with an interlinear gloss and marginal glosses. The beginnings of each Epistle are preceded by golden initials decorated with tendrils and outlined in red on a green and blue background. Date Created : Around 1130 Subject Date : Around 1130 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Epistles, Gospels, and Popular Readings in the Tuscan Language (1495)This devotional book in Italian ('the language of Tuscany'), published in 1495 by Piero Pacini da Pescia (active, circa 1495-1514), is considered the greatest Florentine illustrated book of the 15th century. It contains 144 large woodcuts, all but eight original to this text, 24 small images of saints and prophets, and a series of 14 different border styles. The large number of images, along with the quality of the designs and execution, make this work a treasure of Florentine design and one of the truly important sources for the study of the Renaissance woodcut. Date Created : June 27, 1495 Subject Date : 1495 Publication Information : Lorenzo Morgiani and Johannes Petri, for Piero Pacini da Pescia, Florence Language : Italian---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ethio pian Gospels (ca. 1300 - 1350)This Gospel book was written in Tigray, northern Ethiopia, in the early 14th century, and was once owned by the Church of Saint George in Debre Mark'os. It was written by the scribe Mä?re Kr?stos in the official liturgical language of Ethiopia, G???z. Most notable is its prefatory image cycle, which makes references to holy places in Jerusalem, such as Golgotha and the Holy Sepulcher, as they appeared in the sixth century. The manuscript therefore appears to be based on a sixth-century exemplar containing images connected to the Byzantine cult of holy placesScribe : Mäire, Krystos Date Created : Around 1300 - 1350 Subject Date : Around 1300 - 1350 Language : Geez---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ethiopian Gospels (ca. 1500 - 1550)This large Ethiopian Gospel book was made in the first half of the 16th century and is written in G???z, the traditional liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Containing 11 full-page miniatures, six canon tables, and five elaborately ornamented ?arägs (headpieces), this manuscript represents the golden age of what has been termed the Gunda Gunde style, named after a monastery in the district of Agame. Date Created : Around 1500 - 1550 Subject Date : Around 1500 - 1550 Language : Amharic, Geez---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Four Gospels - The Evangeliary of Uta (Codex of Uta) (ca. 1000 - 1025)Illuminated for Abbess Uta of Niedermünster (1002-25), this Bavarian Gospel manuscript has been described by Georg Swarzenski as "perhaps the most important Western illuminated manuscript of its period." Its unique quality resides especially in the subtly articulated argument between the text and the accompanying miniatures. The text is drawn from such diverse sources as the Bible; the fields of theology, mathematics, and music; and the works of Pseudo-Dionysius, the Areopagite, in the translation by Johannes Scotus Eriugena (circa 800-circa 877). Attributed Name : Hartwicus, Emmeramensis, active 11th century Contributor : Dionysius, the Areopagite, Saint, active 1st century Translator : Erigena, Johannes Scotus, circa 800-circa 877 Date Created : 1000 - 1025 Subject Date : 1000 - 1025 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Freising Gospel Book (ca. 860)This Carolingian gospel exemplifies the position of Bavaria as a meeting point of different artistic traditions. The text and the choice of prologues correspond with those in older Salzburg manuscripts and can be traced back to an Italian prototype. The marvelous manuscript, written during the episcopate of Anno of Freising (854–75), has in the margins of its leaves numerous critical notes on the text, including a series of Greek variants. Other influences can be observed in the decoration, which consists of interlace initials, an 18-page canon sequence, and four pictures of the evangelists. Date Created : Around 860 Subject Date : Around 860 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel (1100)This Gospel book from Benediktbeuern, decorated lavishly with gold, silver, and purple, was created in the scriptorium of Tegernsee Abbey in Bavaria. For stylistic reasons, e.g., the rather flat architectural frames and the linear style of the figural drawings, scholars date this manuscript to around 1100. Tegernsee Abbey, first founded in the eighth century, was one of the more important imperial abbeys as early as 817. Having been refounded in 978 during the reign of Otto II, the abbey saw the reconstruction of its library and subsequently a peak of artistic production, especially in the field of book illumination. Date Created : 1100 Subject Date : 1100 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel (1170 - 1180)This Gospel book from Weihenstephan in Bavaria, created circa 1170-80, represents a late example of the art of book illumination as it was practiced in the scriptorium of Tegernsee Abbey in the 11th and early 12th century. The scriptorium of Tegernsee Abbey was held in high esteem during that time, as a surviving letter from Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I (circa 1123-90) proves. Praising the reputation of the scriptorium, he commissioned two manuscripts, which unfortunately have not been preserved Date Created : 1170 - 1180 Subject Date : 1170 - 1180 Language : Latin ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------- Gospel (ca. 1035 - 1040)The Benedictine monastery of Tegernsee, located in southern Bavaria, was founded in 746 and is considered one of the most important imperial abbeys of the Holy Roman Empire. This manuscript was formerly attributed to Tegernsee's famous abbot, Ellinger (1017-26 and 1031-41), who was twice removed from office and spent his last years in exile in Niederaltaich. This is no longer the scholarly consensus, but the codex still maintains a key position in the series of magnificent Gospel books produced in Tegernsee up until the 12th century, a period in which the Bavarian tradition of book illumination passed from the Ottonian to the Romanesque style of illumination Date Created : Around 1035 - 1040 Subject Date : Around 1035 - 1040 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel (ca. 1165)This Gospel book contains decorated canon tables, extending over 16 pages, and portraits of the evangelists, positioned at the beginning of the respective Gospels. It is decorated with five full-page framed miniatures on gilt ground, the first of which depicts Christ enthroned, with a book in his left hand and blessing with his right. Eight pen-drawn initials mark the beginnings of the argumenta (short versions of the evangelist’s life) in the Gospels of Mark, Luke, and John as well as the passages in all four Gospels concerning the Passion of Christ.Date Created : 1165 Subject Date : 1165 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Book (ca. 1060 - 1099) This Gospel book dating from the mid-11th century comprises 16 canon tables, positioned at the beginning after the prologues, nine full-page carpet pages, initial pages, and decorated pages, as well as four portraits of the Evangelists. The carpet pages and the Evangelist portraits are painted on single pages. Each Evangelist is depicted with his symbol—the angel for Matthew, the lion for Mark, the ox for Luke, and the eagle for John—and the dove of the Holy Spirit, a symbol of divine inspiration. From several specific liturgical feast days, which are mentioned in the text and which are particularly emphasized, it can be concluded that the manuscript was originally created in North Germany. Date Created : Around 1060 - 1099 Subject Date : Around 1060 - 1099 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Book (ca. 1050 - 1099)This richly decorated Gospel book, dating from the second half of the 11th century, contains portraits of the Evangelists Matthew, Mark, and Luke (the portrait of John is missing), four decorated initial pages, and 84 mostly ornamental initials. Nine canon tables with the symbols of the Evangelists precede the texts of the Gospels. These concordance tables, lavishly decorated with arcades and tympana, go back to Eusebius of Caesarea (circa 260-339) and are often found in Gospel books. Date Created : Around 1050 - 1099 Subject Date : Around 1050 - 1099 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Book from the Bamberg Cathedral (Reichenau Gospel) (ca. 1000 - 1020)The gospel from the cathedral of Bamberg is one of the most important masterpieces of book painting from the Benedictine abbey on the island of Reichenau in Lake Constance in southern Germany. In the 10th and 11th centuries, this abbey was the site of what was probably Europe’s largest and most influential school of book illumination. Book production reached its artistic peak between around 970 and 1010–1020, a period known as the Ottonian Renaissance (after Otto I, Otto II, and Otto III, German kings and Holy Roman Emperors of the Saxon dynasty who ruled during this time). These richly illustrated codices were in most cases commissioned by high-ranking persons. This manuscript was made for Emperor Henry II (ruled, 1002–1024), the successor of Otto III, who presented it to the Bamberg Cathedral. Date Created : Around 1000 - 1020 Subject Date : 1000 - 1020 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Book of Otfrid von Weissenburg (ca. 902 - 905)Otfried, a learned monk of the second half of the ninth century at Weissenburg (present-day Wissembourg) in Alsace and pupil of Rabanus Maurus (circa 780–856), an early abbot of Fulda, introduced the use of end rhyme into Old High German poetry. Between 863 and 871 he produced a metrical version of the Gospels or, rather, a Gospel harmony. His work is a “harmonizing” assemblage of selected texts from all four Gospels that tells the story of the life of Christ in southern Rhine Franconian dialect. It is divided in five books with a prolo gue and is thus a counterpart to the Old Saxon Heliand (an epic poem written down in the early to mid-ninth century that recounts the life of Jesus). Author : Otfrid, von Weissenburg, active 9th century Patron : Waldo von Freising, approximately 852 or 853-906 Date Created : Around 902 - 905 Subject Date : 863 - 871 Language : Old High German (ca. 750-1050) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1000 - 1033) The illumination of this early 11th century lectionary is a late example of the Ottonian tradition of book illumination. The manuscript features 292 golden majuscule initials, 30 initials in gold, and five decorated text pages, as well as a full-page initial and a miniature of Christ in Majesty. The 16-line introductory poem on folio 1 verso is written in gold rustic capitals on purple ground. Date Created : Around 1000 - 1033 Subject Date : Around 1000 - 1033 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1020)Although somewhat overshadowed by the imperial manuscripts, this small Gospel lectionary, a parchment manuscript of 192 leaves, represents the Reichenau Ottonian school of illumination on a similarly high artistic plane. It thus exemplifies the outstanding position of this Lake Constance monastery at the time of the Saxon emperors (919-1024). Date Created : Around 1020 Subject Date : Around 1020 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Lectionary (ca. 1130) This gospel lectionary was created around 1130. A lectionary is a liturgical book, which—in contrast to usual gospel books containing the full texts of the gospels—comprises only those parts of the gospels that are used for the liturgical readings during the ecclesiastical year, presented in chronological order. The book features two pen-and-ink-drawn initials, several decorated initials in gold and silver ink, and four full-page miniatures, each showing one of the four Evangelists. Date Created : Around 1130 Subject Date ; Around 1130 Language : Latin ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel of Lorsch (Evangeliary of Udalrich) (ca. 1100 - 1199)This lavishly decorated Gospel lectionary belongs to a group of manuscripts in which is mentioned an Oudalricus peccator (Udalrich the sinner), who has been connected to Udalrich, abbot of the monastery of Lorsch, who died in 1075. It is decorated with golden display script in capitals, and initials in gold and silver. The main feasts (Christmas, Easter, Whitsun, and the feast of Saint Michael) are emphasized by full-size miniatures. The manuscript also displays four full-page framed miniatures depicting the evangelists in the unusual order of Matthew, Luke, John, and Mark. The precious binding of the manuscript is decorated with an ivory table on both front and back covers. Date Created : 1100 - 1199 Subject Date : 1100 - 1199 Language : Latin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gospel of Passau (ca. 1170 - 1180) This Gospel lectionary contains the text of the liturgical Gospel readings for the main feast days. Written and illuminated in the 12th century in the Bavarian diocesan town of Passau, it remained in use at least until the 15th century, as it is shown by the exquisite metal binding with a deep relief, displaying the figure of Christ carved in rock crystal, which was executed at that time. The manuscript itself is one of the finest examples of Romanesque illumination from southeast Bavaria; it displays magnificent gold initials with near-naturalistic representations of animals and climbing figures depicted in the tendrils of the initials. Five full-page miniatures with figurative illuminations are directly related to the respective feast days, such as the feast of John the Baptist, the birth of the Virgin, and the feast of Peter and Paul. Date Created : 1170 - 1180 Subject Date : 1170 - 1180 Language : Latin ----------------------------------------------------------- Gospels - 10th Century Armenian CodexDated to the tenth century, this manuscript is the oldest Armenian codex in North America and the fifth oldest among documented Armenian Gospel books. The principal colophon, on folio 2 verso, records that Sargis the priest completed the text in 415 (966). Within the framed area, the commission of the cod ex is described: a priest, whose name was replaced by the later owner T’oros, commissioned the work "as decoration and for the splendor of [the] holy church and for the pleasure of the congregation of Rzner." As the codex was written and commissioned by priests, the manuscript is referred to as the “Gospels of the Priest.” It was formerly known as the “Gospels of the Translators,” as, following the date 415, someone erased the formula “of the Armenian era” and replaced it with “of our Lord,” suggesting an earlier date and implying that the text was based on the original translation of the Gospels into Armenian during the fifth century. Scribe : Sargis Date Created : 966 Subject Date : 966 Language : Classical Armenian----------------------------------------------------------- T'oros Roslin Gospels (1262)This Armenian manuscript was made in 1262 by T’oros Roslin, the celebrated illuminator who extended the iconographic repertoire by defining a narrative Gospel cycle beyond the traditional portraits of the Evangelists. This signed manuscript was created at the scriptorium of Hromkla (present-day Rum Kalesi, Turkey), which became the leading artistic center of Armenian Cilicia under the rule of Catholicos Constantine I (1221-67). As an extensive colophon starting on folio 406 verso explains, T’oros created this manuscript under commission from the nephew of Constantine, a priest also named T’oros. It is one of seven known manuscripts bearing T’oros Roslin’s signature, and it is the most sumptuous of them all, with 15 miniatures and 67 smaller illustrations. Date Created : 1262 Subject Date : 1262 Language : Classical Armenian----------------------------------------------------------- Gospels for the Year (ca. 1100 -1199)This lavishly illuminated manuscript represents a fine example of a gospel lectionary, a liturgical book that—in contrast to the usual gospel books containing the full texts of the gospels—comprises only those parts of the gospels that are used for the liturgical readings during the ecclesiastical year, presented in chronological order. The manuscript’s miniatures display the main events in the life of Jesus Christ, which correspond to the main religious feasts: from Nativity to Ascension to the descent of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost. All the miniatures are decorated with a splendid gilt ground and are framed with richly painted silver bands. Date Created : Around 1100 - 1199 Subject Date : Around 1100 - 1199 Language : Latin ----------------------------------------------------------- Homiliary on Gospels from Easter to first Sunday of Advent (ca.950)This 10th-century manuscript from the Bergendal Collection at the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies in Toronto is the oldest extant copy of a book of homilies composed by Heiric (Eric) of Auxerre, France, around 865–870. Heiric, a Benedictine theologian and writer, was a monk at the Abbey of Saint-Germain d’Auxerre. He studied under Lupus of Ferrière, John Scotus Erigena, and Haymo of Auxerre. He was the teacher of Remigius of Auxerre and is an important representative of intellectual life in the Carolingian period. The manuscript was written, by at least three scribes, in dark-brown ink in a fine Caroline minuscule script. Author : Heiric, of Auxerre, circa 841-circa 876 Date Created : Around 950 Subject Date : Around 865 - 870 Publication Information : Tours, France Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- Gospels of Luke and John (ca. 875 - 925)This manuscript containing the gospels of Luke and John originally formed a whole with another gospel book fragment now preserved in Weimar. The Weimar manuscript contains prologues, canon tables, the gospels of Matthew and Mark, and, at the end, the argumentum (introduction) and breviarium (summary) to Luke. Each gospel begins with a portrait of the evangelist and a full-page initial. The manuscript, of high quality, is clearly the work of an important scriptorium influenced by that at Saint Gallen; it may have been written at Mainz. Date Created : 875 - 925 Subject Date : 875 - 925 Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- Ingolstadt Gospel Book (Fragment) (ca. 850)The so-called Ingolstadt Gospel Book shares the fate of many other liturgical manuscripts, which over time gradually lost their status as religious objects and came to be reused for profane purposes. Only a fraction of the formerly 260-80 folios of this sumptuous manuscript from the middle of the ninth century have survived. Most of its pages were used in bindings of account books in the 17th and 19th centuries. One double leaf was in the possession of the German painter Carl Spitzweg in the 19th century. Date Created : Around 850 Subject Date : Around 850 Language : Latin---------------------- ------------------------------------- Kyiv Gospel (1411)The Kyiv Gospel was created in 1411 by a monk called Makarii in the Pustynno-Mykolaivskyi Monastery in Kiev, by order of the monk Ionah Bolakyrev, as recorded in one of the historic inscriptions on the work. This copy is one of the few 15th-century manuscripts from Kiev that specifies where it was made. The Gospel is known as a paleographic specimen of the “younger” semi-uncial script in Ukraine. Two headpieces of simple composition, headings, and initials are executed in dark-brown ink and vermilion. The manuscript was restored and bound in the first quarter of the 16th century. The binding was restored again in 1721, and on the upper board appears the date "June 4, 1721." The manuscript consists of the tetraevangelion (an ornate book of the Orthodox Church containing the text of the Gospels for liturgical readings), a menology (calendrical work commemorating the dead), and indices of lections. Author : Makarii Date Created : Around 1440 - 1460 Subject Date : Around 1411 - 1427 Language : Church Slavic----------------------------------------------------------- Purple Gospel (ca. 800 - 825)This sumptuous manuscript, known as the Purple Gospel, is written almost entirely in gold and silver on purple-stained parchment. It dates from the first quarter of the ninth century. It contains architectural canon tables and decorated initials in gold and silver at the beginning of the texts of the four gospels and of the prologue to Mark. Four whole-page miniatures of scenes from the New Testament, on folios 24 and 197, were formerly thought to be Ottonian copies (early tenth to early 11th centuries) made from models from late antiquity; most scholars today, however, consider them contemporary with the rest of the manuscript and based on a sixth century exemplar. Date Created : Around 800 - 825 Subject Date : Around 800 - 825 Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- Reichenau Gospels (ca. 1050)This mid-11th century Gospel Book is believed to come from the Abbey of Reichenau, on Lake Constance in Germany, on the basis of its script and illumination. The decoration of the manuscript places it in the so-called Luithar school of Reichenau. Its ornamental motifs compare very closely with those in Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm. 4453, and its palette is nearly identical to that in the Reichenau manuscripts of the Bamberg Cathedral Treasury. The work includes full-page miniatures of Saints Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, and of the Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to each of the four Evangelists. Gold uncials begin each paragraph as well as the introductory words of each chapter; they are a distinct mark of Reichenau manufacture. Date Created : Around 1050 Subject Date : Around 1050 Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- The Canons of the Gospels (ca. 1000 - 1078) This 11th-century Gospel book, written and created in Freising, Bavaria, was presented to the collegiate church of Saint Andreas in Freising by Bishop Ellenhard (1052 or 1053-78). Originally the manuscript was lavishly decorated with 11 initials, 14 canon tables, four portraits of the Evangelists, and a full-page dedication miniature, which was later transferred to a different codex, a Gospel lectionary (also held in the Bavarian State Library, shelf mark Clm 6831). Associated Name : Ellenhardus, von Freising, died 1078 Date Created : Around 1000 - 1078 Subject Date : Around 1000 - 1078 Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- The Holy Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ (1590)The Typographia Medicea (Medici Oriental Press) was founded in 1584 by Cardinal Ferdinando de’ Medici for the purpose of printing Christian texts in Middle Eastern languages, including Arabic, Turkish, and Syriac. This Arabic gospel was produced by the press in 1590–91. The beautiful cursive Arabic type, designed by Robert Granjon (1513–90), represented an advance on all previous European attempts at creating an Arabic typeface. The fine engravings by Leonardo (Norsino) Parasole (circa 1570–1630) are after designs by Antonio Tempesta (1555–1630), who was in turn inspired by Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528). The work was issued in two versions, this one in Arabic only, and another with an interlinear Latin translation.Artist : Tempesta, Antonio, 1555-1630 Engraver : Parasole, Leonardo, circa 1570-circa 1630 Type Designer : Granjon, Robert, 1513?-1590 Date Created : 1590 - 1591 Subject Date : 1590 - 1591 Language : Arabic----------------------------------------------------------- Book of the Holy Gospel of Our Lord and God Jesus Christ (1555)The first printing of the Syriac New Testament appeared thanks to the patronage of Ferdinand I, to whom a long preface is dedicate d to begin the book. Johann Albrecht Widmanstetter (1506-1557) and Moses of Mardin, on whose handwriting the Syriac type for the book was based, were the forces behind the work. This Syriac type was produced by Kaspar Kraft under the direction of the French Orientalist Guillaume Postel (1510-1581). This edition of the New Testament has James, 1 Peter, and 1 John, but not the other General Epistles or Revelation. Contributor : Kraft, Kaspar, died 1556, Postel, Guillaume, 1510-1581 Creator : Moses, Mardenus, Widmanstetter, Johann Albrecht, 1506?-1557 Date Created : 1555 Subject Date : 1555 Publication Information : Michael Zimmermann Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- The Lectionary (Orsha Gospel) (ca. 1250 - 1299) This gospel, believed to have been created in Polotsk (present-day Belarus) in the second half of the 13th century, is one of the oldest monuments of the Cyrillic Slavonic alphabet and one of the most ancient decorated Belarusian manuscripts. It contains two multicolor miniatures with gilding portraying the evangelists Luke (folio 42 verso) and Matthew (folio 123 verso). The miniatures reflect the influence of the early Palaeologian (relating to the last Byzantine dynasty, reigned 1259–1453) Byzantine style in old Belarusian art. The images are vividly depicted in bright colors. Date Created : Around 1250 - 1299 Subject Date : Around 1250 - 1299 Language : Church Slavic----------------------------------------------------------- The Oldest Book of Gospels in Hungarian, or The Codex of Munuch (ca. 1466)The Codex of Munich as this manuscript is usually called is one of the most important early Hungarian manuscripts in existence. It contains two separate units, a calendar and the oldest Book of Gospels in the Hungarian language. The latter is part of the so-called Hussite Bible, the only written vestige of Hussitism in Hungary. The translation is thought to have been produced by two Hungarian divines, Tamás Pécsi (Thomas de Quinque Ecclesiis) and Bálint Újlaki (Valentinus de Ilok), who as students in Prague (then in Bohemia) had come under the influence of the teachings of Jan Hus (circa 1369-1415). Creator : Németi, György Translator : Thomas de Quinque Ecclesiis, active 14th and 15th centuries, Valentinus de Ilok Date Created : Around 1466 Subject Date : Around 1466 Language : Hungarian----------------------------------------------------------- Trebizond Gospels (ca. 1150)This Gospel book was probably made in Constantinople in the mid-12th century and is remarkable for the fine execution and monumental quality of its full-page miniatures. The opening for the Gospel of Matthew is missing, but the other three Gospels are prefaced with a pair of miniatures each: the respective Evangelist on the left and a scene from the Gospel story on the right. The combination of Saint John with the Raising of Lazarus is one found only in this manuscript. The text was copied by two scribes with distinctly different hands. One of them must have painted the ornament on folio 175 recto, which contains two falcons, a partridge, and a hare. Falcons were trained to chase game, hunting being a favorite pastime of Byzantine noblemen (the sort of people who would commission a luxury manuscript like this one). Date Created : Around 1150 Subject Date : Around 1150 Language : Ancient Greek (to 1453)----------------------------------------------------------- Verin Noravank Gospels (1487)This beautifully illuminated gospel book was copied in 1487 AD at the Monastery of Verin Noravank in Armenia. The exact location of the monastery is unknown, although, since the late 1980s, it has been associated with the ruins of the Monastery of Arates (Aratesivank) of Siwnik. Verin Noravank was in close contact with the better-known Noravank of Amaghu, with which it has often been confused. Fewer than 15 manuscripts are known to have been copied at Verin Noravank. As was customary with most Armenian manuscripts, the Verin Noravank gospel contains a lengthy colophon that traces its own history. The colophon is also important because it contains one of the few references to the White Sheep Turkoman overlord of that region at the time, Yaqub Bek. Transcriber : Grigor, Monk, of Verin Noravank?, 15th century Date Created : 1487 Subject Date : 1487 Language : Armenian----------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Book (ca. 1321)This Gospel book is the earliest of the Armenian manuscripts in the collections of Library of Congress. It contains the text of the Gospels, copied in the year 770 of the Armenian era (1321) by Nerses the Abbot in Jerusalem. The manuscript is unadorned except for headpieces at the start of each Gospel and decorative devices in the margins, all in red, black, and brown ink. The text is in two columns on ruled paper. There are some marginal pen-drawn decorations and later written marginalia. The manuscript has one marginal miniature—that of an infant. The original incised leather binding is in damaged condition. Colophons thro ughout indicate the history of the manuscript, which at the turn of the 20th century was in the hands of the Library of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. The Bible was first translated into Armenian in the early fifth century, shortly after the invention of the Armenian alphabet between 407 and 412. The history of the translation of the Armenian Bible is complicated. By tradition it has been ascribed to Mesrob Mashtots (circa 361?440), the creator of the Armenian alphabet, and Isaac (Sahak) the Catholicos (died 439) and their assistants. The work was completed before the Ecumenical Council of Ephesus in 431. This manuscript is an awetaran, the copying of the four gospels alone, which was a very popular genre among the Armenians. Scribe : Nerses, Abegha, active 14th century Date Created : 1321 Subject Date : 1321 Language : Classical Armenian----------------------------------------------------------- Bishop Augustine, 'The Harmony of the Gospels' (ca. 700-799)The manuscript presented here contains the text of De concordia evangelistarum (The harmony of the Gospels), a Latin treatise by Saint Augustine of Hippo (354–430) composed in the year 400. The manuscript was created in France in the eighth century and is written in a half-uncial script. The Gospels, written by the four evangelists, provide slightly different accounts of the life of Christ, with some events recorded in only one Gospel and others in more than one. Early Christian writers composed works that aimed to harmonize the different accounts and show there were no contradictions between them. Augustine took for granted that the order in which the Gospels appeared in the New Testament was the order in which they were composed, and that the writers of each of the Gospels had knowledge of the ones already written. Matthew was the original account of Jesus’s life on earth, and the writers of the other Gospels either added or reworked content to emphasize different aspects of Christ’s life and the Incarnation. The work is organized in four books: “Authority, number, order, and plan of the Gospels. Response to attacks on the Gospels;” Harmonization of Matthew with the other Gospels, up to the Last Supper;” “Harmonization of Matthew with the other Gospels, beginning with the Last Supper;” and “Passages unique to Mark, Luke, or John.” Author : Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo, 354–430 Date Created : Around 700 - 799 Subject Date : Around 700 - 799 Language : Latin----------------------------------------------------------- Banitsa Gospel (ca. 1275-1299)The Banitsa Gospel, written on parchment in Church Slavonic in the late 13th century, is one of the manuscripts testifying to the end of the anonymity of Bulgarian men of letters at around this time. The colophon indicates that the scribe who made the manuscript was the priest Ioann at Saint Nicholas Church in the village of Banitsa (presumably in the Vratsa region of present-day northwestern Bulgaria). The characteristic script and the ornamental illumination, elaborated in black, red, and yellow ink, reflect a local manuscript tradition. The menologion (calendar) includes the holidays of Bulgarian saints Petka Turnovska (Paraskeva of Turnovo), Ioann Rilski (Ivan of Rila), Tsar Peter, and Cyril and Methodius. Scribe : Ioann, priest Date Created : Around 1275 - 1299 Subject Date : Around 1275 - 1299 Publication Information : Banitsa, Bulgaria Language : Church Slavic----------------------------------------------------------- Gospel Concordance (ca. 1635)This 1635 Gospel concordance in Armenian was written, illuminated, and bound at the Holy Savior's Monastery in Nor Jugha (now called Julfa), the Armenian quarter of Isfahan (in present-day Iran). Isfahan was at that time the capital of Safavid Persia. The book is finely illuminated with four portraits of the evangelists, along with vignettes, headpieces, and decorated initials that are either zoomorphic or anthropomorphic in form. The miniatures on the first seven pages are later additions by a different hand. The manuscript is one of the highlights of the collection of 128 Armenian manuscripts held by the Berlin State Library–Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation in Berlin. Date Created : 1635 Subject Date : 1635 Language : Armenian The Nature of Scanned Books You will get a copy of each of the scanned books in PDF format. The PDF will be a replica of the book in exactly the condition it was available to us - so that will necessarily mean that the book will have inevitable signs of ageing. Some of the books in our collection are over 400 years old - it is not possible to maintain a book in pristine condition for that length of time. In addition any marks made by the previous owners will also be present. We do not consider that to be a flaw of the product but rather adds to its authenticity.Searchable - Each file is fully named on the disk so it is easy to search and find a particular title. 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