1859 Meyer print ALBANY, NEW YORK STATE, #47

Description: Universum20_47 1859 Meyer print ALBANY, NEW YORK STATE, #47 Nice print titled Albany, from steel engraving with fine detail and clear impression, approx. page size is 23.5 x 15 cm, approx. image size is 15.5 x 10.5 cm. Print was published in Germany in Meyer's Universum by Bibliographic Institute Hildburghausen. Albany, city, capital (1797) of the state of New York, U.S., and seat (1683) of Albany county. It lies along the Hudson River, 143 miles (230 km) north of New York City. The heart of a metropolitan area that includes Troy and Schenectady, it is a port of entry, the northern terminus of the deepwater Hudson River Channel, and a natural transshipment point between ocean-going vessels and the New York State Barge Canal routes west to the Great Lakes. In 1609 Henry Hudson anchored the Half-Moon in the shallows near the site while searching for the Northwest Passage. Fort Nassau, built in 1614 on Castle Island (now part of the Port of Albany), became a trading post for the United Netherlands Company. A group of Walloon families built Fort Orange near the site in 1624 and began the first permanent settlement, known as Beverwyck. In 1629 the Dutch West India Company granted tracts along both sides of the river (including Beverwyck) to Kiliaen van Rensselaer, an Amsterdam merchant. Renamed Rensselaerswyck, the area attracted a sizable number of colonists, and in 1652 Peter Stuyvesant, colonial governor for the Dutch West India Company, obtained independent status for the village of Beverwyck from the van Rensselaer family. When Fort Orange surrendered to the British (Sept. 24, 1664), the village was renamed to honour the Duke of York and Albany (later James II). It was granted a city charter by the British governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. Its strategic location and the construction of Fort Frederick made it a leading colonial city. Its population of 200 families in 1695 increased to 3,498 people in 1790 (first U.S. census) and to 50,763 by 1850. The Dutch heritage is reflected in many street names and in the annual (May) Tulip Festival held in Washington Park. In 1689 one of the first intercolonial conventions was held at Albany to discuss a system of mutual defense. A more significant historical gathering took place in 1754, when the Albany Congress adopted Benjamin Franklin's "Plan of Union." This meeting paved the way for the Congress of 1765 and the Continental Congress of 1774. Migrating pioneers began to appear in Albany as early as 1783, and the city, a thriving fur-trading centre, became a major outfitting point for wagon trains going west. The opening of the Erie Canal (1825) and the advent of the railroad (1831) increased the flow of traffic through the city, which became the hub of transportation to Michigan Territory (the upper Great Lakes). Politics remains a prevailing aspect of Albany. Its moderate industrial development includes the manufacture of paper, machine tools, felt, and metal products. The city was one of the first in the U.S. to establish a commercial airport (1919), and in 1932 the opening of the Port of Albany to oceangoing shipping made it a maritime centre. The city has notable examples of Dutch Colonial, Georgian, and French-Gothic Revival architecture, including Ft. Crailo (c. 1700, by tradition the place where "Yankee Doodle" was written by Richard Shuckburgh and now a state historic site), the Schuyler Mansion (1762), Historic Cherry Hill (1787; home of the van Rensselaer family), the State Bank of Albany (1803), the Old Dutch Church (1799), City Hall (1883), the state capitol (1871-99) in "French Chateau" style, St. Peter's Episcopal Church (1859), and the Joseph Henry Memorial (originally Albany Academy, completed 1815). The focal point of the city is the Empire State Plaza, facing Capitol Park and embracing a building complex of government, cultural, and conventional facilities, including the New York State Museum. Institutions of higher learning include the State University of New York at Albany (1844); the professional schools of Union University, which include Albany Medical College (1839), Law School (1851), College of Pharmacy (1881), and Dudley Observatory; and the Roman Catholic colleges of St. Rose (1920) and Maria (1958); and Albany Business College (1857). Pop. (1990) city, 101,082; Albany-Schenectady-Troy MSA, 874,304.

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